Indonesia
Have you ever noticed the differences between skyscrapers and residential homes? These differences are not just in their design but also in the types of construction used.
Classifying construction types is a crucial first step in planning and executing a project. By understanding the various construction types, you can choose the most suitable building method for your needs and environmental conditions.
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5 Types of Construction Based on Function
Construction involves building physical structures, from simple buildings to large-scale infrastructure. Based on the type and function of the building, construction can be categorized into several types:
1. Building Construction
The first type of construction focuses on erecting multi-story buildings such as offices, schools, hospitals, shopping centers, and more. These buildings are characterized by their complex designs, diverse materials, and meticulous planning.
2. Residential Construction
As the name suggests, this type centers on building homes, such as single-family houses, apartments, villas, and residential complexes. The designs are simpler compared to commercial buildings but still emphasize comfort and aesthetics.
3. Heavy Engineering Construction
This type involves large-scale infrastructure projects requiring specialized technology and equipment. Heavy engineering construction typically includes extensive projects with multidisciplinary input and longer timelines. Examples include dams, highways, bridges, tunnels, ports, and airports.
4. Industrial Construction
This type caters to the construction of industrial facilities, such as factories, warehouses, and raw material storage facilities. The designs are tailored to industrial needs and utilize materials resistant to harsh environmental conditions. Examples include automotive plants, chemical factories, and logistics warehouses.
5. Road Construction
This type involves building and maintaining roads, including highways, arterial roads, and local streets. Effective planning of road layouts, choosing asphalt or concrete materials, and ensuring proper drainage systems are essential for this construction type.
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4 Types of Construction Based on Primary Materials
Construction materials play a significant role in determining the characteristics and performance of a building. Here are some construction types based on their main materials:
1. Wood Construction
Utilizes wood as the primary structural material. It is lightweight, easy to shape, and offers a natural aesthetic but is prone to fire and insect damage.
2. Concrete Construction
Uses concrete as the primary material. It is strong, durable, and flexible in shape, making it ideal for high-rise buildings and infrastructure projects.
3. Steel Construction
Uses steel as the main material. It is strong, lightweight, and easy to assemble, suitable for buildings requiring wide spans.
4. Stone Construction
Involves the use of natural stone as the primary material. It is durable and provides a natural aesthetic, but it is heavy and challenging to shape.
Read More: Precast Concrete Construction: Check Advantages & Materials
3 Types of Construction Based on Project Scale
The scale of a project determines the type of structure to be built and the most appropriate construction method. Construction projects can be divided into three main categories based on their scale:
- Small-scale projects, such as home renovations or constructing single-family residences.
- Medium-scale projects, like building small office buildings or small factories.
- Large-scale projects, such as skyscrapers, major bridges, or dams.
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